{"id":69257,"date":"2022-09-30T11:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-09-30T15:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/?p=69257"},"modified":"2023-10-11T15:29:21","modified_gmt":"2023-10-11T19:29:21","slug":"how-to-upgrade-rhel-8-to-rhel-9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/blog\/how-to-upgrade-rhel-8-to-rhel-9","title":{"rendered":"How to Upgrade From RHEL 8 to RHEL 9"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><a class=\"wp-block-cgb-button button\" href=\"#step1\">Jump to Tutorial<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The latest release of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 (RHEL 9) was officially made generally available (GA) by Red Hat on May 17, 2022, taking over from the beta version released on November 2, 2021.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>RHEL 9 brings major changes that seek to enhance performance, improve stability, and <a href=\"https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/blog\/rhel-9-same-day-support\">boost security<\/a>. Some of the notable improvements and enhancements in the latest release include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Improvements in the Cockpit web console, such as an enhanced performance metric page that helps identify issues from high memory and CPU utilization to bandwidth spikes.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Live kernel patching using the Cockpit web console. Critical kernel security updates and patches can be applied without the need for scheduling downtime.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Security enhancements for SELinux and OpenSSH.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Newer versions of language runtimes such as Python 3.9, Node.js 16, PHP 8.0, and Ruby 3.0.3 to mention a few.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Latest compilers such as GCC 11.2.1 and updated versions of Go (1.17.1), Rust (1.58.1), and LLVM (13.0.1).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>An image builder tool for creating custom RHEL system images in a variety of formats.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Check out the <a href=\"https:\/\/access.redhat.com\/documentation\/en-us\/red_hat_enterprise_linux\/9\/html-single\/9.0_release_notes\/index\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">release notes<\/a> for the most detailed and comprehensive list of all the new features and improvements in RHEL 9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In this tutorial, we\u2019ll demonstrate how to perform an in-place upgrade from RHEL 8 to RHEL 9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Prerequisites<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Before you begin, please ensure you have the following set of requirements:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>An instance of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A fast and reliable internet connection<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Minimum boot partition of 100MB (500MB recommended)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"step1\">Step 1: Upgrade Your System to RHEL 8.6<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>To perform the in-place upgrade from RHEL 8 to RHEL 9, you need to be running RHEL 8.6, which is the required source OS version. If you have an older release, then upgrade it to RHEL 8.6 as follows.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>$ sudo dnf update<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Once the upgrade is complete, verify that you are running RHEL 8.6 as follows.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>$ cat \/etc\/redhat-release<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"512\" height=\"100\" src=\"https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/1-1.png\" alt=\"screenshot of code\" class=\"wp-image-69263\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/1-1.png 512w, https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/1-1-300x59.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"step2\">Step 2: Verify You Have a Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server Subscription<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Next, you need to confirm your system has an active Red Hat subscription. To do so, open your terminal and execute the following command:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>$ sudo subscription-manager list &#8211;installed<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If your RHEL 8 system has a subscription, the following output will be displayed:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"512\" height=\"223\" src=\"https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/2-1.png\" alt=\"screenshot of code\" class=\"wp-image-69264\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/2-1.png 512w, https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/2-1-300x131.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>If this is not the case, you will need to <a href=\"https:\/\/access.redhat.com\/solutions\/253273\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">register and subscribe your RHEL system to the Red Hat Customer Portal<\/a> before continuing to Step 3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"step3\">Step 3: Delete the \u201ctmp_leapp_py3\u201d Directory<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>If you had previously performed an in-place upgrade from RHEL 7 to RHEL 8, you need to purge the <code>\/root\/tmp_leapp_py3<\/code> directory with the following command:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>$ sudo rm -Rf \/root\/tmp_leapp_py3<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If you are starting from RHEL 8, skip this step.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"step4\">Step 4: Confirm BaseOS and AppStream Repositories Are Enabled<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Next, ensure the BaseOS and AppStream repositories are enabled as follows.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>$ sudo subscription-manager repos &#8211;enable rhel-8-for-x86_64-baseos-rpms &#8211;enable rhel-8-forx86_64-appstream-rpms<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"512\" height=\"98\" src=\"https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/3-1.png\" alt=\"screenshot of code\" class=\"wp-image-69265\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/3-1.png 512w, https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/3-1-300x57.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>If you are upgrading using Red Hat Update Infrastructure (RHUI) on AWS, then enable the required RHUI repositories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>$ sudo dnf config-manager \u2013set-enabled rhui-client-config-server-8<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Next, install the required RHUI packages to ensure your system is ready for the upgrade.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>$ sudo dnf -y install rh-amazon-rhui-client-ha leapp-rhui-aws<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"step5\">Step 5: Lock the System to RHEL 8.6<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Next, lock your RHEL system to RHEL 8.6. This marks the version of RHEL from which the upgrade will start.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>$ sudo subscription-manager release &#8211;set 8.6<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"512\" height=\"68\" src=\"https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/4-1.png\" alt=\"screenshot of code\" class=\"wp-image-69266\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/4-1.png 512w, https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/4-1-300x40.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"step6\">Step 6: Update Packages to the Latest Versions<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In the next step, update all packages to the latest versions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>$ sudo dnf update<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"512\" height=\"231\" src=\"https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/5-1.png\" alt=\"screenshot of code\" class=\"wp-image-69267\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/5-1.png 512w, https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/5-1-300x135.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Then reboot your system.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>$ sudo reboot<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"step7\">Step 7: Install the Leapp Utility Tool<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The Leapp utility is a command-line tool that allows users to make an in-place upgrade. Under the hood, the Leapp utility does the following:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Prepares the process before the first reboot<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Executes the upgrade process in the RAM disk<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Runs minor post-upgrade tasks after the upgrade from the RAM disk<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>To install the Leapp utility, run the command:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>$ sudo dnf install leapp-upgrade -y<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"512\" height=\"191\" src=\"https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/6-1.png\" alt=\"screenshot of code\" class=\"wp-image-69268\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/6-1.png 512w, https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/6-1-300x112.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"step8\">Step 8: Remove the Versionlock Plugin<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The Versionlock plugin is a plugin that holds back packages from being upgraded to newer versions. If you are using the plugin to lock packages to a specific version, clear the lock as shown.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>$ sudo dnf versionlock clear<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"step9\">Step 9: Edit the Firewalld Configuration<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>For a seamless upgrade to RHEL 9, you need to disable the <code>AllowZoneDrifting<\/code> value in the Firewalld configuration. If your firewall configuration needs it, be sure to edit the value back to the default after you complete your system upgrade.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To edit the Firewalld configuration, first switch to the root user.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>$ sudo su<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Then access the configuration file.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code># vim \/etc\/firewalld\/firewalld.conf<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Locate and \u201cinsert a comment\u201d at the <code>AllowZoneDrifting <\/code>attribute; save and quit vim.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"512\" height=\"102\" src=\"https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/7-1.png\" alt=\"screenshot of code\" class=\"wp-image-69269\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/7-1.png 512w, https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/7-1-300x60.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Save and restart Firewalld for the changes to apply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code># systemctl restart firewalld<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"step10\">Step 10: Perform a Pre-Upgrade and Resolve Any Issues<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Before upgrading to RHEL 9, it\u2019s a good idea to evaluate the upgradability of your system by executing a pre-upgrade process using the <code>leapp preupgrade<\/code> command.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>During the pre-upgrade process, the Leapp utility collects data about your system, verifies the upgradability, and generates a pre-upgrade report that\u2019s saved in the <code>\/var\/log\/leapp\/leapp-report.txt<\/code> text file.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The report contains a summary of all the potential issues that might hinder the upgrade and proposes recommended workarounds. It also determines whether or not you can continue with the upgrade, and will not allow the upgrade to run until those issues are fixed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To begin the pre-upgrade process, run the command:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>$ sudo leapp preupgrade &#8211;target 9.0<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"512\" height=\"163\" src=\"https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/8-1.png\" alt=\"screenshot of code\" class=\"wp-image-69270\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/8-1.png 512w, https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/8-1-300x96.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>It is totally normal to run into some errors when performing the pre-upgrade process. In our case, we ran into two errors indicating the presence of invalid files. To resolve an error, click on the link provided as a hint.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"512\" height=\"277\" src=\"https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/9-1.png\" alt=\"screenshot of code\" class=\"wp-image-69271\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/9-1.png 512w, https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/9-1-300x162.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Once you have successfully addressed the specific errors identified for your system, re-run the pre-upgrade operation. This time around, you should receive an error-free report that will allow you to proceed with the in-place upgrade to RHEL 9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"512\" height=\"282\" src=\"https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/10.png\" alt=\"screenshot of code\" class=\"wp-image-69272\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/10.png 512w, https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/10-300x165.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"step11\">Step 11: Upgrade RHEL 8 to RHEL 9<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Finally, perform the upgrade to RHEL 9 by running the in-place upgrade command.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>$ sudo leapp upgrade &#8211;target 9.0<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"512\" height=\"250\" src=\"https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/11-1.png\" alt=\"screenshot of code\" class=\"wp-image-69273\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/11-1.png 512w, https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/11-1-300x146.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>The upgrade takes quite a while, so this is a good time to take a break from your desk. When the upgrade completes, you will be prompted to restart your system. Go ahead and reboot.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>$ sudo reboot<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"512\" height=\"287\" src=\"https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/12.png\" alt=\"screenshot of code\" class=\"wp-image-69274\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/12.png 512w, https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/12-300x168.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>On the GRUB menu select the RHEL-Upgrade-Initramfs option.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"512\" height=\"285\" src=\"https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/13.png\" alt=\"screenshot of code\" class=\"wp-image-69275\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/13.png 512w, https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/13-300x167.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Once selected, the upgrade to RHEL 9 will continue and some packages will be upgraded while others will be obsoleted.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"512\" height=\"377\" src=\"https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/14.png\" alt=\"screenshot of code\" class=\"wp-image-69276\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/14.png 512w, https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/14-300x221.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>The system will then restart, and this time around, select the first GRUB entry as shown.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"512\" height=\"285\" src=\"https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/15.png\" alt=\"screenshot of code\" class=\"wp-image-69277\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/15.png 512w, https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/15-300x167.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>On the login screen, provide your user\u2019s password and select ENTER to log in.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"512\" height=\"386\" src=\"https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/16.png\" alt=\"screenshot of JumpCloud Red Hat login screen\" class=\"wp-image-69278\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/16.png 512w, https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/16-300x226.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Since the system is still locked to RHEL 8.6, you need to set it again to version 9.0. To do so, run the command:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>$ sudo subscription-manager release &#8211;set=9.0<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To confirm the system has been set to 9.0 release, run the command:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>$ sudo subscription-manager release &#8211;show<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"512\" height=\"204\" src=\"https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/17.png\" alt=\"screenshot of code\" class=\"wp-image-69279\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/17.png 512w, https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/17-300x120.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>In addition, you can confirm the version of RHEL you are running as follows.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>$ cat \/etc\/redhat-release<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"512\" height=\"111\" src=\"https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/18.png\" alt=\"screenshot of code\" class=\"wp-image-69280\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/18.png 512w, https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/18-300x65.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Conclusion<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>And there you have it. We have demonstrated step-by-step how to perform an in-place upgrade of RHEL 8 to RHEL 9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Although keeping your system up to date is the first step in mitigating potential security risks, it should not be the last. This holds especially true if you\u2019re an IT admin managing multiple Linux systems. Linux malware is <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zdnet.com\/article\/linux-malware-attacks-are-on-the-rise-and-businesses-arent-ready-for-it\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">increasing in volume and complexity<\/a> and most small to medium-size enterprises (SMEs) aren\u2019t ready for it.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Read more about the importance of standardizing security configurations across your fleet and <a href=\"https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/blog\/linux-secure-configurations\">how to simplify Linux device hardening<\/a>.\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Learn how to perform an in-place upgrade from RHEL 8 to RHEL 9 to take advantage of improvements in performance, availability, and security.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":150,"featured_media":69273,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_oasis_is_in_workflow":0,"_oasis_original":0,"_oasis_task_priority":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2781],"tags":[],"collection":[2778],"platform":[],"funnel_stage":[3017],"coauthors":[2535],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.9 (Yoast SEO v22.9) - 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