{"id":32239,"date":"2022-08-09T08:25:46","date_gmt":"2022-08-09T12:25:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/?p=32239"},"modified":"2024-02-21T12:45:42","modified_gmt":"2024-02-21T17:45:42","slug":"fde-compliance","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/blog\/fde-compliance","title":{"rendered":"Full Disk Encryption (FDE) and Compliance"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Should you care about Full Disk Encryption?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If you\u2019re living on <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=86YLFOog4GM\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"> <em>this big rock<\/em><\/a>, the answer is yes.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Full-Disk Encryption (FDE) is a crucial security feature designed to protect private data from getting into the wrong hands. Considering the growing number of cybersecurity threats, and the astronomical resolution costs that come with them, safeguarding data is paramount.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Look no further than Kaseya for motivation. The<a href=\"https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/blog\/rmm\"> remote monitoring and management (RMM)<\/a> provider compromised up to 1,500 organizations because of a ransomware attack in 2021. Rumor has it Kaseya<a href=\"https:\/\/purplesec.us\/kaseya-ransomware-attack-explained\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"> forked over $70 million<\/a> in ransom to resolve the issue.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>While there are several security measures that admins can reasonably opt out of taking, full disk encryption isn\u2019t one of them. This article will explain FDE, the regulations that back it, how to implement it for both Apple and Windows devices, and how to cut implementation time in half.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"heading1\">What Is Full-Disk Encryption?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Full-Disk Encryption (FDE) <\/strong>is an information protection technology that allows IT admins to convert data into unreadable code only accessible by authorized personnel.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"image is-16by9\">\n<iframe class=\"has-ratio\" width=\"300\" height=\"315\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/2dN2xeMUsjE?rel=0\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen=\"\"><\/iframe>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Essentially, it\u2019s a way to decrypt and lock down data, limiting accessibility by logging into the system or using a unique recovery key. FDE, also referred to as <em>whole disk encryption<\/em>, secures all hard disk content, including files, operating systems, and other forms of data.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Why Does It Matter?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The purpose of FDE is to protect sensitive data should a device become lost or stolen. It\u2019s worth mentioning there are several types of encryption, but FDE is a good place to start.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>FDE is a crucial security feature that every organization should take into consideration when following data security compliance regulations, such as PCI and HIPAA among others.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In addition, full disk encryption helps organizations properly store and access critical data. Once implemented, FDE relies very little on the actions of the end user, hence fewer data privacy issues arise. But, like every other system, FDE comes with its own challenges.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"heading2\">Challenges of Full-Disk Encryption<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>One of the major drawbacks of full disk encryption is that decrypted data cannot be recovered if users lose both their password and recovery key. Depending on the circumstances, this could bring organizational operations to a complete halt. Permanent data loss is no joke.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Unfortunately, FDE presents the following challenges:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Doesn\u2019t protect data in transit: <\/strong>FDE doesn\u2019t protect data while it\u2019s in transit. So, sharing data between devices or email still leaves it vulnerable to hacking.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Slows down devices: <\/strong>FDE encrypts the entire drive; users must key in authentication credentials every time they need to access the data. This slows down desktop operating systems and worker productivity.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Has cross-platform limitations: <\/strong>Traditionally, organizations deployed a single type of operating system, but most of today\u2019s businesses include a mixture of Windows, macOS, and\/or Linux devices. Heterogeneous environments make it difficult to implement and manage FDE across a fleet of systems. Turning on FDE isn\u2019t enough to do the trick anymore!&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>In addition, FDE implementation and management can be costly.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>User experience challenges such as reduced productivity during the initial encryption implementation process, having to deal with additional access passwords, and remote employees having to physically bring their devices for encryption are common concerns.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\" src=\"https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/code.jpg\" alt=\"Full-disk encryption\" class=\"wp-image-66316\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/code.jpg 640w, https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/code-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"heading3\">Which Regulations Require FDE?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dataendure.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021_Cost_of_a_Data_Breach_-2.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">According to the IBM 2021 Cost of Data Breach Report<\/a>, high-level compliance failures cost organizations an average $5.65 million per year in fines, penalties, and lawsuits.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The most highly regulated industries include the public sector, education, energy, healthcare, consumer goods, financial, technology, and pharmaceuticals. They have compliance regulations that may require FDE to pass an audit in these industries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Common data security regulations include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS):<\/strong> The<a href=\"https:\/\/www.pcisecuritystandards.org\/pci_security\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"> PCI<\/a> safeguards critical credit card information handled by financial institutions. It revolves around securing the cardholder data environment (CDE). Requirement 3 of the regulation specifically deals with data encryption.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (GLBA): <\/strong>This regulation also targets the financial industry. It\u2019s also known as the Financial Modernization Act of 1999. The<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ftc.gov\/business-guidance\/privacy-security\/gramm-leach-bliley-act\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"> GLBA<\/a> requires institutions that offer financial products such as loans, insurance, and financial\/investment advice to safeguard sensitive data and explain their information-sharing practices to customers.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Health Insurance Portability and Accounting Act (HIPAA): <\/strong>Developed in 1996, the primary aim of<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hhs.gov\/hipaa\/for-professionals\/security\/laws-regulations\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"> HIPAA<\/a> is to protect the privacy and security of certain health information. The HIPAA Security Rule covers identity and access management. It requires health institutions to ensure unique user access, authentication controls, and audit logging.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA): <\/strong>Besides governing the type of information credit bureaus collect about individual consumers and how they do it,<a href=\"https:\/\/files.consumerfinance.gov\/f\/documents\/bcfp_consumer-rights-summary_2018-09.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"> FCRA<\/a> also limits who is allowed to see a credit report. It was developed to address the fairness, accuracy, and privacy of the personal information in the hands of credit reporting agencies.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR): <\/strong>The<a href=\"https:\/\/gdpr-info.eu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"> GDPR<\/a> is intended to safeguard the personal data for European Union (EU) citizens globally. While it doesn\u2019t apply to EU citizens and Americans living in the US, US companies are subject to the regulation if they store or process the personal data of EU residents. There are also several federal and state-level privacy regulations in the US that offer some similar protections to the GDPR. Examples include<a href=\"https:\/\/www.privacypolicies.com\/blog\/caloppa\/\"> <\/a>the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.privacypolicies.com\/blog\/caloppa\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">California Online Privacy Protection Act<\/a> (CalOPPA) and the<a href=\"https:\/\/oag.ca.gov\/privacy\/ccpa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"> California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA)<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Other important regulations organizations should be aware of include the<a href=\"https:\/\/www.govinfo.gov\/content\/pkg\/CRPT-112srpt258\/html\/CRPT-112srpt258.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"> Video Privacy Protection Act<\/a> (VPPA) and the<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ftc.gov\/business-guidance\/resources\/childrens-online-privacy-protection-rule-six-step-compliance-plan-your-business\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"> Children\u2019s Online Privacy Protection Rule<\/a> (COPPA).&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In order to comply with these regulations, admins must implement FDE on their systems <em>and <\/em>prove compliance by reporting enablement.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Understandably, reporting is one of the most tiresome, confusing, and time-consuming aspects of remaining compliant. We recommend unifying point tools wherever possible to promote reporting consolidation.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The<a href=\"https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/solutions\/compliance\"> JumpCloud Directory Platform<\/a> allows IT managers to combine advanced reports with invaluable data from the software\u2019s System Insights. Admins enjoy a bird\u2019s-eye view to monitor user access to internal resources, user permissions, patch and operating system versions, system information, and more for enhanced security management.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"heading4\">Full-Disk Encryption for Microsoft<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"297\" src=\"https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Microsoft.jpeg\" alt=\"Microsoft logo\" class=\"wp-image-66319\" style=\"width:272px;height:269px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Microsoft.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Microsoft-150x150.jpeg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Microsoft offers an in-built FDE feature called<a href=\"https:\/\/support.microsoft.com\/en-us\/windows\/finding-your-bitlocker-recovery-key-in-windows-6b71ad27-0b89-ea08-f143-056f5ab347d6\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\"> BitLocker<\/a> for organizations using Windows OS. It supports devices running on Windows 10 Pro, Education, or Enterprise editions but not the Home edition.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To activate BitLocker, simply choose a Windows system then turn on BitLocker. This action will send a signal to encrypt the hard drive when at rest during the next system reboot.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The first BitLocker encryption usually takes some hours to complete depending on the drive features. After which, user experience and boot up times speed up. As previously mentioned, the downside of data encryption is the potential for permanent data loss. Yikes!&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Choose a recovery option in case you:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Forget the user account password (if you\u2019re using BitLocker with a Trusted Platform Module (TPM) chip)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Forget the decryption PIN or lose the USB startup key (if you\u2019re not using a TPM chip)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Upgrade your OS<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Install a new motherboard&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Update your computer\u2019s BIOS<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Transfer the encrypted device to a new computer<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Change the boot configuration settings<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Finally, never turn BitLocker off when planning system upgrades or hardware\/configuration changes. Doing so decrypts the drive, necessitating starting over once updates are complete. Instead, just suspend the feature until you\u2019re done.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"heading5\">Full-Disk Encryption for Apple&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"847\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/apples-847x1024.png\" alt=\"apple logo\" class=\"wp-image-62511\" style=\"width:164px;height:198px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/apples-847x1024.png 847w, https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/apples-248x300.png 248w, https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/apples-768x929.png 768w, https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/apples-1270x1536.png 1270w, https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/apples-1694x2048.png 1694w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 847px) 100vw, 847px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Apple promotes its flagship software<a href=\"https:\/\/support.apple.com\/guide\/mac-help\/encrypt-mac-data-with-filevault-mh11785\/mac\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"> FileVault<\/a> for full-disk encryption. It performs the same function as BitLocker but for MacOS devices. As expected, the installation\/management process is similar to that for BitLocker.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Choose a recovery option during setup in the event of a forgotten password. It\u2019s worth emphasizing that enabling FileVault does not affect the user experience; they can still log in, navigate folders, and save files as normal. All data stored on the drive will be encrypted once admins enable FileVault.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">JumpCloud: Compliant Managed FDE<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Choosing between BitLocker or FileVault FDE is ineffective for today\u2019s heterogenous and largely remote work environment. You need a <a href=\"https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/platform\/cloud-device-management\">device management<\/a> solution that allows system management from a central platform in heterogenous environments.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Use the<a href=\"https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/platform\"> JumpCloud Directory Platform<\/a> to enforce FDE for both Windows and Mac systems in one pane of glass. With JumpCloud, admins can store their recovery keys in a secure escrow so they won\u2019t get locked out in the face of lost credentials. The best part? JumpCloud is a cloud-based solution that supports remote employees working on mobile devices from home.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>What\u2019s more, JumpCloud offers free Directory-as-a-Service for the first ten users. This means that if you are a small to medium-size enterprise (SME) with less than 10 employees, you can enjoy JumpCloud for free forever.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/jumpcloud.com\/pricing\">Download JumpCloud today for free.<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Full-Disk Encryption (FDE) is an information protection technology that allows IT admins to convert data into unreadable code.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":163,"featured_media":66316,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_oasis_is_in_workflow":0,"_oasis_original":0,"_oasis_task_priority":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[23,2337,2753],"tags":[],"collection":[2778,2775],"platform":[],"funnel_stage":[3016],"coauthors":[2640],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.9 (Yoast SEO v22.9) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Full Disk Encryption (FDE) and Compliance - 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